- Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is typically diagnosed based on a combination of clinical presentation, laboratory tests, and imaging studies.
- Clinical Presentation: The symptoms of GCA include headache, jaw pain, scalp tenderness, and visual disturbances.
- Laboratory tests: Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are often seen in patients with GCA.
- Imaging studies: Temporal artery biopsy is considered the gold standard for diagnosing GCA. A biopsy of the temporal artery, which supplies blood to the head and scalp, is taken and examined for inflammation and the presence of giant cells.
- A diagnosis of GCA can be made if the patient has symptoms of GCA, an elevated ESR or CRP and a positive temporal artery biopsy.
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